For starters, what does ‘sundowner’ mean? Sundowning is a symptom of Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia. Along with it, can come confusion, restlessness, and agitation. It usually occurs in the late afternoon or early evening as the sunlight fades. Keep a journal to see if you can identify any specific triggers that lead to this behavior.
Below are ways that may help minimize the symptoms:
1. Reducing Shadows
Closing the curtains before it gets dark outside and turning on several lights will help reduce shadows. By having several lights on, it can help to decrease confusion and agitation.
2. Relaxing Activities
Make this time of day calming and relaxing. You can try to play quiet and soothing music in the background as well. Research studies have shown the positive effect music can have on reducing sundowning symptoms.
3. Limiting Visits
Minimize the number of visitors and people you have in their room during this time. Having multiple people in the home near dusk can increase agitation and cause sundowner symptoms to worsen.
4. Avoiding Stimulants
Avoid caffeine and alcohol which can interfere with their sleep. Stimulants have been associated with higher levels of anxiety. Be diligent to decrease the amount of stimulants during the day, especially before bedtime.
5. Finding Routines
Establishing a firm schedule can be beneficial. It allows for good expectations, habits, and peace of mind.
6. Avoiding Electronics
Refrain from using too many electronic devices in the late afternoon and evening. Electronics may add to feelings of agitation and confusion. Guide your loved one towards looking at photos or reading books aloud.
7. Encouraging Activity
Try to encourage physical activity throughout the day. If you can, try getting outdoors as often as possible. Sunlight has been shown to increase mood. Also avoid taking too many naps during the day as this can cause your loved one difficulty falling asleep in the evening.
8. Trying Aromatherapy
Try aromatherapy (ie: lavender has calming properties).
9. Familiar Surroundings
Make sure your loved one is surrounded by comforting things (ie: a photos of a loved one). This type of environment may help in preventing increased agitation and confusion.
Lastly, it is important to note, that if confusion, restlessness, and agitation is new, or any other change in behavior occurs, seek out immediate medical attention. If sundowning is not new for your loved one and you have tried implementing the these strategies, but not seen any improvement, follow up with their health care provider for possible further testing.
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